Wars and Military conflicts
West Indies Anti-Piracy Operations of the United States 1817-1825 - The United States Navy fought against pirates in the West Indies to control their violent and destructive behavior. Roberto Cofresi was defeated on March 2, by the USS Grampus and two Spanish sloops off Boca del Infierno. Cofresi was considered the last Caribbean pirate to be successful. After he was executed on March 29, 1825, piracy declined in the region. The United States naval operations in the West Indies were eventually turned over to the Home and Brazil's Squadron's by 1842. Important leaders for the U.S. were Commanding Lieutenant Gregory and Naval Officer Commodore David Porter. There were only slight casualties. The pirates were mostly captured or escaped the Navy.
African Slave Trade Patrol 1819-1861 - Due to the abolitionist movement in the America, a group of
American navy warships were assigned to catch slave traders around Africa. The
operations were greatly ineffective and after forty-two years about 100
suspected slave ships were captured. The leaders for the U.S. were Matthew C.
Perry, George W. Storer, William Compton Bolton, George H. Perkins, Andrew Hull
Foote, and Thomas Crabbe. There were many captured slaves.
Callao Affair 1820 - The Callao Affair only took place for 2 days in November. A Spanish fort opened fire on the United States warship USS
Macedonian. Though the ship was damaged, the Americans did not disobey their noninvolvement
by attacking. On the next day, a boat filled with United States Navy sailors
was attacked. The leader for the U.S was John Downes. There were 2 killed and 6 wounded.
Arikara War 1823 - It was the first military conflict between the United States and the western native Americans. The conflict occurred when the Indians attacked an American trapping expedition on the river. The leader for the U.S. was U.S. Army Colonel Henry Leavenworth. He did not fully defeat the Indians. The conflict was brief with little to no deaths.
Aegean Sea Anti-Piracy Operation 1825-1828 - Aegean became the hot spot for pirates due to the Greek civil wars and the absence of Greek Navy. America decided to step in and send a squadron of ships to stop the Aegean Pirates. Many American merchant vessels were attacked and other squadrons began to patrol the area until finally 1828 when it was declared a victory. Ninety brigands were killed or wounded while the Americans
suffered no casualties. The leader for the U.S. was John Rodgers.
Winnebago War 1827 - The Ho-Chunk Indians were angry that two miners were on their land so they took action. The U.S. took military control and soon after the Ho- chunks surrendered.Afterwards the Ho- Chunks moved away from the mining region so the U.S. could have the land. The leaders for the U.S. were Henry Atkinson and Henry Dodge. The leader for the Ho-Chunks was Red Bird. The U.S. had 7 casualties and the Indians had 10.